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1 textbook on chemistry
Общая лексика: учебник по химии -
2 textbook
[ʹtekstbʋk] nучебник, руководство -
3 textbook
nпідручник, посібник* * *['tekstbuk]nпідручник, керівництво -
4 textbook
['tekstbuk]nпідручник, керівництво -
5 textbook
N1. पाठ्य\textbookपुस्तकJack wrote a textbook in chemistry. -
6 textbook
ˈtekstbuk сущ. руководство, учебник Syn: manual, primer учебник, руководство - basic * стабильный учебник - surgical * учебник по хирургии - * on chemistry учебник по химии - * example хрестоматийный примерБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > textbook
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7 science
['saɪəns] 1.1) scienza f.2) (skill) abilità f., tecnica f.2.modificatore [ subject] scientifico; [faculty, teacher, textbook, exam] di scienze••to blind sb. with science — confondere qcn. facendo sfoggio di parole difficili
* * *1) (knowledge gained by observation and experiment.) scienza2) (a branch of such knowledge eg biology, chemistry, physics etc.) scienza3) (these sciences considered as a whole: My daughter prefers science to languages.) scienza•- scientifically
- scientist
- science fiction* * *['saɪəns] 1.1) scienza f.2) (skill) abilità f., tecnica f.2.modificatore [ subject] scientifico; [faculty, teacher, textbook, exam] di scienze••to blind sb. with science — confondere qcn. facendo sfoggio di parole difficili
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8 Cross, Charles Frederick
[br]b. 11 December 1855 Brentwood, Middlesex, Englandd. 15 April 1935 Hove, England[br]English chemist who contributed to the development of viscose rayon from cellulose.[br]Cross was educated at the universities of London, Zurich and Manchester. It was at Owens College, Manchester, that Cross first met E.J. Bevan and where these two first worked together on the nature of cellulose. After gaining some industrial experience, Cross joined Bevan to set up a partnership in London as analytical and consulting chemists, specializing in the chemistry and technology of cellulose and lignin. They were at the Jodrell laboratory, Kew Gardens, for a time and then set up their own laboratory at Station Avenue, Kew Gardens. In 1888, the first edition of their joint publication A Textbook of Paper-making, appeared. It went into several editions and became the standard reference and textbook on the subject. The long introductory chapter is a discourse on cellulose.In 1892, Cross, Bevan and Clayton Beadle took out their historic patent on the solution and regeneration of cellulose. The modern artificial-fibre industry stems from this patent. They made their discovery at New Court, Carey Street, London: wood-pulp (or another cheap form of cellulose) was dissolved in a mixture of carbon disulphide and aqueous alkali to produce sodium xanthate. After maturing, it was squirted through fine holes into dilute acid, which set the liquid to give spinnable fibres of "viscose". However, it was many years before the process became a commercial operation, partly because the use of a natural raw material such as wood involved variations in chemical content and each batch might react differently. At first it was thought that viscose might be suitable for incandescent lamp filaments, and C.H.Stearn, a collaborator with Cross, continued to investigate this possibility, but the sheen on the fibres suggested that viscose might be made into artificial silk. The original Viscose Spinning Syndicate was formed in 1894 and a place was rented at Erith in Kent. However, it was not until some skeins of artificial silk (a term to which Cross himself objected) were displayed in Paris that textile manufacturers began to take an interest in it. It was then that Courtaulds decided to investigate this new fibre, although it was not until 1904 that they bought the English patents and developed the first artificial silk that was later called "rayon". Cross was also concerned with the development of viscose films and of cellulose acetate, which became a rival to rayon in the form of "Celanese". He retained his interest in the paper industry and in publishing, in 1895 again collaborating with Bevan and publishing a book on Cellulose and other technical articles. He was a cultured man and a good musician. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1917.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1917.Bibliography1888, with E.J.Bevan, A Text-book of Papermaking. 1892, British patent no. 8,700 (cellulose).Further ReadingObituary Notices of the Royal Society, 1935, London. Obituary, 1935, Journal of the Chemical Society 1,337. Chambers Concise Dictionary of Scientists, 1989, Cambridge.Edwin J.Beer, 1962–3, "The birth of viscose rayon", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 35 (an account of the problems of developing viscose rayon; Beer worked under Cross in the Kew laboratories).C.Singer (ed.), 1978, A History of Technology, Vol. VI, Oxford: Clarendon Press.RLHBiographical history of technology > Cross, Charles Frederick
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9 Bibliography
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New York: W. H. Freeman.■ Weizenbaum, J. (1976). Computer power and human reason: From judgment to cal culation. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Wertheimer, M. (1945). Productive thinking. New York: Harper & Bros.■ Whitehead, A. N. (1925). Science and the modern world. New York: Macmillan.■ Whorf, B. L. (1956). In J. B. Carroll (Ed.), Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Whyte, L. L. (1962). The unconscious before Freud. New York: Anchor Books.■ Wiener, N. (1954). The human use of human beings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.■ Wiener, N. (1964). God & Golem, Inc.: A comment on certain points where cybernetics impinges on religion. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Winograd, T. (1972). Understanding natural language. New York: Academic Press.■ Winston, P. H. (1987). Artificial intelligence: A perspective. In E. L. Grimson & R. S. Patil (Eds.), AI in the 1980s and beyond (pp. 1-12). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Winston, P. H. (Ed.) (1975). The psychology of computer vision. New York: McGrawHill.■ Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.■ Wittgenstein, L. (1958). The blue and brown books. New York: Harper Colophon.■ Woods, W. A. (1975). What's in a link: Foundations for semantic networks. In D. G. Bobrow & A. Collins (Eds.), Representations and understanding: Studies in cognitive science (pp. 35-84). New York: Academic Press.■ Woodworth, R. S. (1938). Experimental psychology. New York: Holt; London: Methuen (1939).■ Wundt, W. (1904). Principles of physiological psychology (Vol. 1). E. B. Titchener (Trans.). New York: Macmillan.■ Wundt, W. (1907). Lectures on human and animal psychology. J. E. Creighton & E. B. Titchener (Trans.). New York: Macmillan.■ Young, J. Z. (1978). Programs of the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.■ Ziman, J. (1978). Reliable knowledge: An exploration of the grounds for belief in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Bibliography
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10 BOB
1) Спорт: Bank One Ballpark, Body Opponent Bag2) Военный термин: Blueprint of the Battlefield, Bombs Over Baghdad, Bureau of the Budget3) Шутливое выражение: Balling On A Budget, Bony Old Bag4) Биржевой термин: Bratislava Options Exchange5) Грубое выражение: Battery Operated Boy, Bend over, Baby, Bitches On Bikes6) Телекоммуникации: Breakout Box7) Сокращение: barge on board, bobbin, Bank One Ballpark ( Arizona Diamondbacks), Bank of Baroda, Bank of Beirut, Bank of Bermuda, Bank of Butterfield (Bermuda), Basketball Owl Band (Rice University), Battle of Britain (air battle between Allied and Axis powers over the English Channel in WWII), Battle of the Bands (Community Music Competitions), Bay of Biscay, Beijing Olympic Broadcasting Co., Ltd., Bellaire Office Building, Berner Oberland Bahn (Swiss railway company), Bewust Onbeschonken Bestuurder (Dutch: Conscious Non-Drunk Driver), Bharat Overseas Bank, Big O' Blaster (gaming), Big Old Building (Grand Rapids, Michigan), Blonde on Blonde (Bob Dylan album), Bolivian Boliviano (ISO currency code), Bombs Over Baghdad (band), Bora Bora (Airport Code), Brand Oak Bitter (UK beer), Brotherhood of Britannia (gaming), Bunch of Believers (Christian band), Robert, babe on back (of motorcycle), babe on-board (flight attendant code for good looking passengers), baby on board, baby on breast, back of book (answers in textbook exercises), bail out bottle (emergency air supply), band of brothers, battery operated boyfriend, battery operated buddy, beast of burden, beatniks on bongos, beginning of business, bend over backwards, bend over buddy, best of breed (computer industry, also dog & cat shows), best of business, best of the best, best on best, best on-board (flight attendant code for good looking passengers), best orthogonal basis, best overall boat, big orange ball (slang for the sun), binary-tree on binary-tree, blitter object, body opponent bag (boxing training), bomb on-board, book of business, born on board, born-oppenheimer breakdown (quantum chemistry), bottom of the barrel, bottom of the basket, bottom-of-basket, boxes of books, boy on bike, brains on board (robot), brains over brawns, branch office box, break-out box, breakfast on a bun, bring on bottle, bring own booze, bug out bag, bunch of bullstuff (polite form), bureau of budget, business object board, business object broker, buy on board (cruise ship business)8) Университет: Back Of The Book9) СМИ: Boy On Boy10) Деловая лексика: Building Opportunities Bonus, Beginning Of Business (day), на начало рабочего дня11) Расширение файла: Bitmap graphics (BOB Image file)12) Собаководство: ЛПП, Best of Breed (male or female), (Best of Breed) Лучший представитель породы, ЛПП, Лучший представитель породы13) Чат: Best Online Buddy, Brains On Board14) Аэропорты: Bora Bora, Society Islands -
11 Bob
1) Спорт: Bank One Ballpark, Body Opponent Bag2) Военный термин: Blueprint of the Battlefield, Bombs Over Baghdad, Bureau of the Budget3) Шутливое выражение: Balling On A Budget, Bony Old Bag4) Биржевой термин: Bratislava Options Exchange5) Грубое выражение: Battery Operated Boy, Bend over, Baby, Bitches On Bikes6) Телекоммуникации: Breakout Box7) Сокращение: barge on board, bobbin, Bank One Ballpark ( Arizona Diamondbacks), Bank of Baroda, Bank of Beirut, Bank of Bermuda, Bank of Butterfield (Bermuda), Basketball Owl Band (Rice University), Battle of Britain (air battle between Allied and Axis powers over the English Channel in WWII), Battle of the Bands (Community Music Competitions), Bay of Biscay, Beijing Olympic Broadcasting Co., Ltd., Bellaire Office Building, Berner Oberland Bahn (Swiss railway company), Bewust Onbeschonken Bestuurder (Dutch: Conscious Non-Drunk Driver), Bharat Overseas Bank, Big O' Blaster (gaming), Big Old Building (Grand Rapids, Michigan), Blonde on Blonde (Bob Dylan album), Bolivian Boliviano (ISO currency code), Bombs Over Baghdad (band), Bora Bora (Airport Code), Brand Oak Bitter (UK beer), Brotherhood of Britannia (gaming), Bunch of Believers (Christian band), Robert, babe on back (of motorcycle), babe on-board (flight attendant code for good looking passengers), baby on board, baby on breast, back of book (answers in textbook exercises), bail out bottle (emergency air supply), band of brothers, battery operated boyfriend, battery operated buddy, beast of burden, beatniks on bongos, beginning of business, bend over backwards, bend over buddy, best of breed (computer industry, also dog & cat shows), best of business, best of the best, best on best, best on-board (flight attendant code for good looking passengers), best orthogonal basis, best overall boat, big orange ball (slang for the sun), binary-tree on binary-tree, blitter object, body opponent bag (boxing training), bomb on-board, book of business, born on board, born-oppenheimer breakdown (quantum chemistry), bottom of the barrel, bottom of the basket, bottom-of-basket, boxes of books, boy on bike, brains on board (robot), brains over brawns, branch office box, break-out box, breakfast on a bun, bring on bottle, bring own booze, bug out bag, bunch of bullstuff (polite form), bureau of budget, business object board, business object broker, buy on board (cruise ship business)8) Университет: Back Of The Book9) СМИ: Boy On Boy10) Деловая лексика: Building Opportunities Bonus, Beginning Of Business (day), на начало рабочего дня11) Расширение файла: Bitmap graphics (BOB Image file)12) Собаководство: ЛПП, Best of Breed (male or female), (Best of Breed) Лучший представитель породы, ЛПП, Лучший представитель породы13) Чат: Best Online Buddy, Brains On Board14) Аэропорты: Bora Bora, Society Islands -
12 bob
1) Спорт: Bank One Ballpark, Body Opponent Bag2) Военный термин: Blueprint of the Battlefield, Bombs Over Baghdad, Bureau of the Budget3) Шутливое выражение: Balling On A Budget, Bony Old Bag4) Биржевой термин: Bratislava Options Exchange5) Грубое выражение: Battery Operated Boy, Bend over, Baby, Bitches On Bikes6) Телекоммуникации: Breakout Box7) Сокращение: barge on board, bobbin, Bank One Ballpark ( Arizona Diamondbacks), Bank of Baroda, Bank of Beirut, Bank of Bermuda, Bank of Butterfield (Bermuda), Basketball Owl Band (Rice University), Battle of Britain (air battle between Allied and Axis powers over the English Channel in WWII), Battle of the Bands (Community Music Competitions), Bay of Biscay, Beijing Olympic Broadcasting Co., Ltd., Bellaire Office Building, Berner Oberland Bahn (Swiss railway company), Bewust Onbeschonken Bestuurder (Dutch: Conscious Non-Drunk Driver), Bharat Overseas Bank, Big O' Blaster (gaming), Big Old Building (Grand Rapids, Michigan), Blonde on Blonde (Bob Dylan album), Bolivian Boliviano (ISO currency code), Bombs Over Baghdad (band), Bora Bora (Airport Code), Brand Oak Bitter (UK beer), Brotherhood of Britannia (gaming), Bunch of Believers (Christian band), Robert, babe on back (of motorcycle), babe on-board (flight attendant code for good looking passengers), baby on board, baby on breast, back of book (answers in textbook exercises), bail out bottle (emergency air supply), band of brothers, battery operated boyfriend, battery operated buddy, beast of burden, beatniks on bongos, beginning of business, bend over backwards, bend over buddy, best of breed (computer industry, also dog & cat shows), best of business, best of the best, best on best, best on-board (flight attendant code for good looking passengers), best orthogonal basis, best overall boat, big orange ball (slang for the sun), binary-tree on binary-tree, blitter object, body opponent bag (boxing training), bomb on-board, book of business, born on board, born-oppenheimer breakdown (quantum chemistry), bottom of the barrel, bottom of the basket, bottom-of-basket, boxes of books, boy on bike, brains on board (robot), brains over brawns, branch office box, break-out box, breakfast on a bun, bring on bottle, bring own booze, bug out bag, bunch of bullstuff (polite form), bureau of budget, business object board, business object broker, buy on board (cruise ship business)8) Университет: Back Of The Book9) СМИ: Boy On Boy10) Деловая лексика: Building Opportunities Bonus, Beginning Of Business (day), на начало рабочего дня11) Расширение файла: Bitmap graphics (BOB Image file)12) Собаководство: ЛПП, Best of Breed (male or female), (Best of Breed) Лучший представитель породы, ЛПП, Лучший представитель породы13) Чат: Best Online Buddy, Brains On Board14) Аэропорты: Bora Bora, Society Islands -
13 physics
Physik, die* * *['fiziks](the study of natural phenomena such as heat, light, sound, electricity, magnetism etc but not usually chemistry or biology: Physics is his main subject at university.) die Physik- academic.ru/55274/physicist">physicist* * *phys·ics[ˈfɪzɪks]I. n + sing vb Physik f\physics of X-rays Röntgenphysik f* * *['fIzɪks]n(sing = subject) Physik fthe physics of this are quite complex — die physikalischen Zusammenhänge sind hierbei ziemlich komplex
* * *phys. abk1. physical phys.2. physician4. physiological physiol.5. physiology Physiol.* * *noun, no pl.Physik, die* * *n.Physik f. -
14 Bevan, Edward John
[br]b. 11 December 1856 Birkenhead, Englandd. 17 October 1921 London, England[br]English co-inventor of the " viscose rayon " process for making artificial silk.[br]Bevan began his working life as a chemist in a soap works at Runcorn, but later studied chemistry at Owens College, Manchester. It was there that he met and formed a friendship with C.F. Cross, with whom he started to work on cellulose. Bevan moved to a paper mill in Scotland but then went south to London, where he and Cross set up a partnership in 1885 as consulting and analytical chemists. Their work was mainly concerned with the industrial utilization of cellulose, and with the problems of the paper and jute industries. Their joint publication, A Text-book of Paper-making, which first appeared in 1888 and went into several editions, became the standard reference and textbook on the subject. The book has a long introductory chapter on cellulose.In 1892 Cross, Bevan and Clayton Beadle discovered viscose, or sodium cellulose xanthate, and took out the patent which was to be the foundation of the "viscose rayon" industry. They had their own laboratory at Station Avenue, Kew Gardens, where they carried out much work that eventually resulted in viscose: cellulose, usually in the form of wood pulp, was treated first with caustic soda and then with carbon disulphide to form the xanthate, which was then dissolved in a solution of dilute caustic soda to produce a viscous liquid. After being aged, the viscose was extruded through fine holes in a spinneret and coagulated in a dilute acid to regenerate the cellulose as spinnable fibres. At first there was no suggestion of spinning it into fibre, but the hope was to use it for filaments in incandescent electric light bulbs. The sheen on the fibres suggested their possible use in textiles and the term "artificial silk" was later introduced. Cross and Bevan also discovered the acetate "Celanese", which was cellulose triacetate dissolved in acetone and spun in air, but both inventions needed much development before they could be produced commercially.In 1892 Bevan turned from cellulose to food and drugs and left the partnership to become Public Analyst to Middlesex County Council, a post he held until his death, although in 1895 he and Cross published their important work Cellulose. He was prominent in the affairs of the Society of Public Analysts and became one of its officials.[br]Bibliography1888, with C.F.Cross, A Text-book of Papermaking.1892, with C.F.Cross and C.Beadle, British patent no. 8,700 (viscose). 1895, with C.F.Cross, Cellulose.Further ReadingObituary, 1921, Journal of the Chemical Society.Obituary, 1921, Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry.Edwin J.Beer, 1962–3, "The birth of viscose rayon", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 35 (an account of the problems of developing viscose rayon; Beer worked under Cross in the Kew laboratories).RLH
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